Research on a Supercapacitor Power Controller Based on Buck-Boost Circuit

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jes.202502209

Author(s)

Zixing Yang, Ruixi Guo, Shiyong Li, Peng Ai, Xianbin Fang, Yang Zhang*

Affiliation(s)

College of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

Supercapacitors are widely used in energy storage systems due to their high power density, long life, and fast charging and discharging characteristics. However, during the charging and discharging process and during the switching of operating modes, the voltage of the supercapacitor will fluctuate significantly, which poses a challenge to the stability and safety of the system. In order to solve this problem, a supercapacitor power controller based on Buck-Boost circuit is designed in this paper. The controller adopts three closed loop control strategies, which realize the precise balance of voltage and dynamic replenishment of power through the voltage loop and current loop with power loop limiting, so as to ensure that the system can respond quickly and maintain stable operation when the load changes and voltage changes. In this paper, the effectiveness of the scheme is verified by MATLAB simulation, which further proves its superior performance under load change.

Keywords

Supercapacitor; Hybrid Energy Storage; Closed-Loop Control; Buck-Boost Converter; Power Control

References

[1] Li Jianlin, Li Xinran, Zou Fei, et al. Typical Engineering Demonstration and Grid-Related Characteristics Detection Technology of Grid-Forming Energy Storage. High Voltage Engineering, 1-15 [2025-04-27]. [2]Ai Wandong, Su Xing, Sun Junyong. Research on Charging and Discharging Control Strategy for Hybrid Power Supply System of Energy Storage Trams. Electric Locomotives and Urban Rail Vehicles, 2025, 48(01): 35-40. [3]Bo Liming, Liu Xinyuan, Cheng Xueting, et al. Optimal Research on Hybrid Energy Storage Based on Variational Mode Decomposition for Wind-Solar Regulation Demand. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 1-11 [2025-04-27]. [4] Zhou Wen. Research on Operation Control of Brushless DC Motor Powered by Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System. Zhejiang University, 2024. [5]Yang Runan, He Jinwei, Wang Xiurui. Model Predictive Voltage Control of Three-Level Bidirectional DC-DC Converter. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 19(02): 74-80. [6]Cheng He, Li Pengsheng, Xu Kai, et al. Fully Integrated Magnetic Component Structure and Optimization Design of Dual Buck-Boost-CLLC Three-Port Converter. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 1-16 [2025-04-27]. [7]Zhu Peng, Xie Zongchen. Research on Power Regulation Design of Source-Grid-Load Microgrid Based on Energy Storage SOC. Electrical Engineering Materials, 2024, (03): 28-32. [8]Wang Hongbin, Chen Aobo, Xue Yuntao, et al. Research on Smooth Mode Switching Strategy for Four-Switch Buck-Boost Converter Based on Graphical Method. Journal of Power Sources, 1-14 [2025-04-27]. [9]Shi Jie, Wang Yu, Shi Yichen. A Buck-Boost Converter with High Voltage Conversion Gain. Electric Engineering, 2024, (20): 164-166. [10]Guo Qiang, Zhang Fanyun, Li Haixiao, et al. Multi-Mode Control Strategy for High-Efficiency Four-Switch Buck-Boost Converter. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2024, 45(11): 101-116.