A Review on the Current Status and Development Trends of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jes.202602211

Author(s)

Xueqian Xi

Affiliation(s)

School of Automation Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT) Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Abstract

As the global energy system accelerates its transition toward decarbonization, China's new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has demonstrated robust growth momentum. With production and sales surpassing 9 million units and a market penetration rate exceeding 30% in 2023, the industry has emerged as the core engine for implementing the carbon neutrality strategy within the transportation sector. However, a significant spatio-temporal mismatch exists between the construction of charging infrastructure and industrial expansion. Structural contradictions such as unbalanced vehicle-to-charger ratio, uneven spatial distribution, single profit mechanism and weak safety protection system have become a critical bottleneck restricting the scaled development of the industry, underscoring the practical necessity of this research. Adopting a full-industry-chain perspective, this study systematically reviews and synthesizes existing research on current pain points, planning evolution, and cutting-edge technological innovations in this field. In-depth discussions are conducted centering on key research dimensions including demand forecasting, layout optimization, distribution network coordination and subsidy effect maximization. This review reveals that existing studies collectively confirm that the application of multi-objective programming models, the "vehicle-charger-road-grid" integration drive, and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology can effectively promote the synergistic enhancement of facility operational efficiency and power grid adaptability. These synthesized conclusions provide significant theoretical and practical support for breaking through the developmental bottlenecks of charging infrastructure and facilitating the high-quality advancement of the NEV industry.

Keywords

Electric Vehicle; Charging Infrastructure; Charging Station Planning; Distribution Network Hosting Capacity; Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technology

References

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