The Risk Regulation Path of AI Agents in Foreign-Related Legal Education

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jike.202504215

Author(s)

Lijing Wu*, Zejun Kan

Affiliation(s)

School of Humanities and Law, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

With the in-depth application of artificial intelligence technology in foreign-related legal education, AI agents have significantly enhanced educational efficiency through functions such as cross-legal system knowledge integration, multilingual legal analysis, and scenario-based teaching simulation, but they have also raised complex challenges such as data sovereignty conflicts, algorithmic biases, and legal application risks. This study systematically dissects three core risks: cross-border data transmission is likely to trigger compliance conflicts between GDPR and domestic law, value embedding in training data may lead to legal cognitive bias, and decoupling of the physical and digital Spaces causes the "triple compliance dilemma". To address these risks, a hierarchical regulatory approach is proposed: using federated learning and blockchain to build a cross-border data regulatory chain at the technical level, and developing a cultural sensitivity algorithm module; At the institutional level, establish an international algorithm audit mutual recognition mechanism and improve the dynamic informed consent and multi-level accountability system; At the level of international collaboration, we will promote the digital revision of the Cross-border Education Services Agreement and establish a cross-border AI dispute arbitration platform. Research shows that a dynamic closed-loop mechanism of "risk prevention - process control - damage relief" is needed to balance technological empowerment and legal value rationality, providing theoretical support for building a transnational regulatory framework that takes into account both sovereign security and educational effectiveness.

Keywords

Foreign-Related Legal Education; AI Agents; Algorithm Transparency; Transnational Legal Collaboration

References

[1]Alexandre, F. M. The legal status of artificially intelligent robots Tilburg: Tilburg University, 2017. [2]Sankari, S., Koulu, R., Hirvonen, H., & Heikkinen, T. S. Artificial intelligence and the law: can we and should we regulate AI systems, In B. Brożek, O. Kanevskaia, & P. Pałka (Eds.), Research Handbook on Law and Technology, 2023. [3]Zhong M. Construction of an Oral Practice Model for Students Based on AI Intelligent Characters in English Textbooks Teaching and Management, 2025, (11):55-58. [4]Wang D Q, Chen Z L, Shao Wenhao, et al. From "De-energizing" to "Empowering": Design of Thought Chain Prompting Based on LLMs and Construction of Teaching and Research AI Agents - Taking Intelligent Analysis of Classroom Teaching as an Example Chinese Educational Technology, 2025, (03):111-117 + 125. [5]Akpobome, O. The Impact of Emerging Technologies on Legal Frameworks: A Model for Adaptive Regulation International Journal of Research Publication, 2024, 5(7):5046-5060. [6]Georgios I. Z. Economics and Law of Artificial Intelligence: Finance, Economic Impacts, Risk Management and Governance Springer International Publishing, 2021 [7]Kryvytskyi, Y. Artificial Intelligence as a Tool of Legal Reform: Potential, Trends and Prospects Scientific Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs, 2021(2):90-101. [8]Jaemin L. Artificial Intelligence and International LawSpringer Singapore, 2022. [9]Kostenko, O. M., Bieliakov, K. I., Tykhomyrov, O. O. et al. “Legal personality” of artificial intelligence: methodological problems of scientific reasoning by Ukrainian and EU experts AI & Soc, 2024(39):1683-1693. Wischmeyer, T., & Rademacher, T. Regulating Artificial Intelligence Springer International Publishing, 2020.