Early Warning Mechanisms and Comprehensive Interventions for the Progression of Hypertension to Intracranial Hemorrhage in the Elderly

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jmhs.202505418

Author(s)

Haocong Zhai

Affiliation(s)

Weifang Nursing Vocational College, Weifang, Shandong, China

Abstract

With the increasingly severe aging of China’s population, the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly has risen annually, making it one of the common chronic diseases in this demographic. Due to physiological characteristics such as reduced vascular elasticity and impaired blood pressure regulation, elderly hypertensive individuals are highly susceptible to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). This study aims to elucidate the early warning mechanisms through a systematic review of existing research and propose targeted comprehensive intervention strategies. Individual patient differences, such as comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, coronary heart disease), physiological status (e.g., renal function, cognitive ability), and treatment tolerance, are key influencing factors in the progression from hypertension to ICH and the selection of intervention measures. For example, patients with diabetes or proteinuria may need to prioritize the use of kidney protectants (e.g., ACEIs or ARBs), while patients with coronary heart disease may be more suitable for beta-blockers or CCBs. Factors such as differences in drug metabolism, vascular fragility, and self-management ability further require the development of personalized treatment plans and lifestyle adjustment strategies. Comprehensive interventions need to be closely integrated with these individual characteristics to optimize efficacy and safety. Methods: Based on multidimensional clinical and basic research evidence, this study analyzes warning indicators including blood pressure abnormalities, vascular structural and functional changes, and hemorheological abnormalities, and integrates comprehensive measures such as pharmacological interventions, lifestyle adjustments, regular monitoring, and health education. The progression from hypertension to ICH in the elderly involves multiple pathological processes. Early identification of warning signals and implementation of comprehensive interventions can significantly reduce the risk of ICH. Conclusion: Current early warning mechanisms and intervention measures have limitations (e.g., suboptimal specificity of some indicators and insufficient validation of long-term efficacy). Future research should further explore the underlying mechanisms, optimize intervention protocols, and strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration to achieve precise prevention and control of ICH.

Keywords

Elderly Hypertension; Intracranial Hemorrhage; Early Warning Mechanisms; Comprehensive Interventions

References

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