Current Status and Influencing Factors of Self-Management Cognition among Elderly Patients with Diabetes in Hainan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jmhs.202605318

Author(s)

Ping Wang*, Shi'an Li, Meixiang Wang

Affiliation(s)

School of International Nursing, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

To investigate the current status of self-management cognition among elderly patients with diabetes in Hainan and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for developing region-specific intervention strategies. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. From November 2025 to March 2026, 156 inpatients and outpatients aged ≥ 60 years with type 2 diabetes were conveniently sampled from the Department of Endocrinology of a tertiary hospital in Hainan. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and the 2-Type Diabetes Self-Care Scale (2-DCSC), and analyzed by t-tests, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression with SPSS 27.0. Results The total self-management score was 89.36 ± 12.74, indicating a moderate level; 127 patients (81.41%) were at the moderate level. The medication management dimension scored the highest (12.35 ± 2.16), whereas foot care scored the lowest (9.42 ± 3.05). Multiple linear regression identified sex, chronic complications, occupation, and disease duration as independent influencing factors (all P < 0.05), which together explained 34.0% of the total variance. Conclusions Self-management cognition among elderly diabetic patients in Hainan is suboptimal and is shaped jointly by disease-related and regional factors. It is necessary to establish a stratified health education system that incorporates local dietary culture and climatic characteristics, while strengthening family/social support and continuity of care.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus; Elderly Patients; Self-Management; Cognition; Influencing Factors; Hainan Region

References

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