Literature Review on Loneliness and Social Media Models

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jmsd.202512419

Author(s)

Cao Yuxin

Affiliation(s)

Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu,

Abstract

This paper systematically reviews the current research on the relationship between social media use and loneliness in domestic and international contexts. With the rapid development of digital technology, social media has become deeply embedded in modern life, while loneliness as a prevalent negative emotional experience has drawn increasing academic attention. Through comprehensive analysis of empirical studies, meta-analyses and theoretical perspectives, this review examines how different usage patterns (active/passive), psychological mechanisms (FoMO, social comparison, social support), individual differences (age, personality traits) and contextual factors influence this complex relationship. The findings reveal a dual-effect pattern: active and functional use of social media, particularly among elderly populations and in close-tie platforms, can alleviate loneliness by enhancing social connections; whereas passive browsing, excessive use and problematic engagement may exacerbate loneliness, especially among adolescents and individuals with psychological vulnerabilities. The review highlights the importance of nuanced, context-specific approaches in understanding this phenomenon, and provides theoretical foundations for developing targeted interventions to promote healthy social media use and mental well-being in the digital age.

Keywords

Social Media Use; Loneliness; Mediating Mechanism; Digital Age; Intervention Strategies

References

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